Activated carbon nanofiber nanoparticles incorporated electrospun polycaprolactone scaffolds to promote fibroblast behaviors for application to skin tissue engineering

The most widely used one-dimensional (1D) carbonaceous nanomaterials in tissue engineering are carbon nanotubes, either single or multiwalled. Other forms of 1D nanomaterials, such as nanowires and nanofibers, have been less explored for biomedical applications. Herein, we synthesized 1D-activated nanofiber nanoparticles (ACNF NPs) from the polyacrylonitrile electrospun nanofibers by continuous processes like stabilization, alkali treatment, calcination, grinding. Two different sets ACNF NPs-containing polycaprolactone (PCL) mats, viz. surface-modified NP-deposited mats (ACNF@PCL) NP-incorporated (ACNF-PCL), were prepared to examine their potential skin scaffolds. Raman spectra demonstrated that NPs exhibited graphitization degree with an ID/IG ratio 1.05. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations showed sized 280 ± 100 nm diameter 565–3322 length. concentrated above 30 μg/mL found exhibit toxicity < 70% viability NIH3T3 fibroblasts on 48 h. ACNF-PCL displayed better cell proliferation profile showing significant changes compared PCL ACNF@PCL days 1, 3, 5. Hence, concluded concentration more support cellular growth, ensuring its possible impact regeneration.